An English surname originating as a matronymic; (US politics) used specifically of James Madison (1751–1836), a Founding Father and fourth president of the United States. • A locale in the United States; all named for James Madison unless otherwise indicated. • The capital city of Wisconsin, United States, and the county seat of Dane County. • A city in Alabama. • A city in Arkansas. • A census-designated place in Yolo County, California; named for Madison, Wisconsin. • A town in New Haven County, Connecticut. • A city, the county seat of Madison County, Florida. • A city, the county seat of Morgan County, Georgia. • A city in Madison County and St. Clair County, Illinois. • A city, the county seat of Jefferson County, Indiana. • A minor city in Greenwood County, Kansas. • A town in Somerset County, Maine. • A city, the county seat of Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota; named for Madison, Wisconsin. • A city in Mississippi. • A city in Missouri. • A city, the county seat of Madison County, Nebraska; named for its county, itself for James Madison. • A town in Carroll County, New Hampshire. • A borough in Morris County, New Jersey. • A town in New York and a village within that town. • A town in North Carolina. • A village in Ohio; named for either James Madison or Madison, Connecticut. • A borough in Pennsylvania. • A city, the county seat of Lake County, South Dakota; named for Madison, Wisconsin. • A town, the county seat of Madison County, Virginia; named for the landowning Madison family, of which James Madison is a descendant. • A city, the county seat of Boone County, West Virginia. • A town in Wisconsin, adjacent to the city of Madison (listed above). • A number of townships in the United States, listed under Madison Township. • A river in Wyoming and Montana, United States; named for James Madison. • A male given name transferred from the surname. • A female given name transferred from the surname, popular since 1984 when it appeared as the name of a mermaid in the film Splash.