PIE word *h₁én Probably a blend of intertwine + intermingle. The word has apparently been coined independently several times: * It was used by the Indian author and translator Manmatha Nath Dutt (1855–1912) in an 1896 work: see the quotation. * It appears to have been used comically by Montgomery Gordon Rice of Bradley Polytechnic Institute in an April 1901 performance of Esmeralda: see the quotation. * It was used as a noun by the American-British author Henry James (1843–1916) as a nickname for a group of his Emmet female cousins who were painters; and also by the American artist John Singer Sargent (1856–1925) as a nickname for his 1900s genre paintings of his nieces, the Ormond sisters. Sargent was referring to the use of shawls as a motif, or the interchangeability of the models or their convoluted poses. (The American artist Jane Emmet de Glehn (1873–1961), one of Henry James’ “intertwingles”, was also a friend and model of Sargent’s.) * The word was used in the urban planning context by Tracy Augur in the 1950s (see the 1954 quotation), and adopted by others including Dennis O’Harrow. Sense 2 (“of documents, information, etc.: to interconnect or interrelate in a complex way”) was developed from its use in Computer Lib/Dream Machines (1974) by the American philosopher and sociologist Theodor Holm Nelson (born 1937): see the quotation.